genetic engineering tells us how a species of an animal come from and originated if it is truly the original species or it have mixed by another species to form a new living organism
Genetic Engineering 1. Classical breeding practices focus on the mating of organisms with desirable qualities. 2. Genetic engineering involves the use of molecular techniques to modify the traits of a target organism. The modification of traits may involve:
I. introduction of new traits into an organism II. enhancement of a present trait by increasing the expression of the desired gene III. enhancement of a present trait by disrupting the inhibition of the desired genes’ expression.
3. A general outline of recombinant DNA may be given as follows:
I. cutting or cleavage of DNA by restriction enzymes (REs) II. selection of an appropriate vector or vehicle which would propagate the recombinant DNA ( eg. circular plasmid in bacteria with a foreign gene of interest) III. ligation (join together) of the gene of interest (eg. from animal) with the vector ( cut bacterial plasmid) IV. transfer of the recombinant plasmid into a host cell (that would carry out replication to make huge copies of the recombined plasmid) V. selection process to screen which cells actually contain the gene of interest VI. sequencing of the gene to find out the primary structure of the protein
Biolistics. In this technique, a “gene gun” is used to fire DNA-coated pellets on plant tissues.
Plasmid insertion by Heat Shock Treatment. Heat Shock Treatment is a process used to transfer plasmid DNA into bacteria.
Electroporation. This technique follows a similar methodology as Heat Shock Treatment, but, the expansion of the membrane pores is done through an electric “shock”.
Selection of plasmid DNA containing cells A selection marker within the inserted plasmid DNA sequence allows the selection of “transformants”. Usually, an antibiotic resistance gene (e.g. AMP ampicillin resistance gene) is included in the plasmid DNA.
Selection of transformed cells with the desired gene Certain inserted genes within the plasmids provide visible proof of their presence
PCR detection of plasmid DNA Alternatively, the presence of the desired gene in the inserted plasmids may be confirmed using PCR amplification. PCR reactions specific for the desired gene may be done using DNA from cells.
Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) With the ability to insert gene sequences, comes the possibility of providing new traits for these target organisms.
The Flavr-Savr (“Flavor Savor”) tomato was the first genetically modified organism that was licensed for human consumption. The trait modified in this tomato is its ripening process
john michael cariaga 12 shiloh I learned about the Genetic Engineering, Biolistics, Plasmid insertion by Heat Shock Treatment, Electroporation, Selection of plasmid DNA containing cells, Selection of transformed cells with the desired gene, PCR detection of plasmid DNA and Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)
genetic engineering tells us how a species of an animal come from and originated if it is truly the original species or it have mixed by another species to form a new living organism
hereditary designing discloses to us how a types of a creature originate from and began on the off chance that it is genuinely the first species or it have blended by another species to frame another living being
genetic engineering tells us how a species of an animal come from and originated if it is truly the original species or it have mixed by another species to form a new living organism
ReplyDeleteErrol Bryan Del Rosario
ReplyDelete12-SHILOH
Genetic Engineering
1. Classical breeding practices focus on the mating of organisms with desirable qualities.
2. Genetic engineering involves the use of molecular techniques to modify the traits of a target organism. The modification of traits may involve:
I. introduction of new traits into an organism
II. enhancement of a present trait by increasing the expression of the desired gene
III. enhancement of a present trait by disrupting the inhibition of the desired genes’ expression.
3. A general outline of recombinant DNA may be given as follows:
I. cutting or cleavage of DNA by restriction enzymes (REs)
II. selection of an appropriate vector or vehicle which would propagate the recombinant DNA ( eg. circular plasmid in bacteria with a foreign gene of interest)
III. ligation (join together) of the gene of interest (eg. from animal) with the vector ( cut bacterial plasmid)
IV. transfer of the recombinant plasmid into a host cell (that would carry out replication to make huge copies of the recombined plasmid)
V. selection process to screen which cells actually contain the gene of interest
VI. sequencing of the gene to find out the primary structure of the protein
Biolistics. In this technique, a “gene gun” is used to fire DNA-coated pellets on plant tissues.
Plasmid insertion by Heat Shock Treatment. Heat Shock Treatment is a process used to transfer plasmid DNA into bacteria.
Electroporation. This technique follows a similar methodology as Heat Shock Treatment, but, the expansion of the membrane pores is done through an electric “shock”.
Selection of plasmid DNA containing cells
A selection marker within the inserted plasmid DNA sequence allows the selection of “transformants”. Usually, an antibiotic resistance gene (e.g. AMP ampicillin resistance gene) is included in the plasmid DNA.
Selection of transformed cells with the desired gene
Certain inserted genes within the plasmids provide visible proof of their presence
PCR detection of plasmid DNA
Alternatively, the presence of the desired gene in the inserted plasmids may be confirmed using PCR amplification. PCR reactions specific for the desired gene may be done using DNA from cells.
Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) With the ability to insert gene sequences, comes the possibility of providing new traits for these target organisms.
The Flavr-Savr (“Flavor Savor”) tomato was the first genetically modified organism that was licensed for human consumption. The trait modified in this tomato is its ripening process
john michael cariaga
ReplyDelete12 shiloh
I learned about the Genetic Engineering, Biolistics, Plasmid insertion by Heat Shock Treatment, Electroporation, Selection of plasmid DNA containing cells, Selection of transformed cells with the desired gene, PCR detection of plasmid DNA and Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)
genetic engineering tells us how a species of an animal come from and originated if it is truly the original species or it have mixed by another species to form a new living organism
ReplyDeletehereditary designing discloses to us how a types of a creature originate from and began on the off chance that it is genuinely the first species or it have blended by another species to frame another living being
ReplyDelete